1. Congressional leaders from both parties agree on
the principles for reform. Just this week the bipartisan “Gang of 8”—a
coalition including Sens. Michael Bennet (D-CO), Richard Durbin (D-IL), Robert
Menendez (D-NJ), Chuck Schumer (D-NY), Jeff Flake (R-AZ), Lindsay Graham
(R-SC), John McCain (R-AZ), and Marco Rubio (R-FL)—in the Senate released
strong principles for immigration reform, signaling broad agreement for a
pathway to citizenship for the 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the
United States. In the House, Rep. John Carter (R-TX) has been leading secret
bipartisan negotiations to produce an immigration bill, while Rep. Paul Ryan
(R-WI) told “Meet the Press” host David Gregory that he was “cautiously
optimistic” on the prospect of reform. Other signs that a bipartisan reform
agreement is not far off:
- Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) designated
immigration reform as the chamber’s top legislative priority, and came out in
full support of the bipartisan framework.
- Senate Judiciary Chairman Patrick Leahy (D-VT)
indicated that he expected that the committee’s first six months would be
dedicated to enacting immigration reform.
-House Speaker John Boehner (R-OH) called immigration
reform a top priority.
-House Majority Leader Eric Cantor (R-VA) also came
out in favor of passing immigration reform legislation.
2. President Obama has made immigration reform one
of his top priorities in his second term. President Obama made immigration a
centerpiece of his second Inaugural Address when he told America that, “Our
journey is not complete until we find a better way to welcome the striving,
hopeful immigrants who still see America as a land of opportunity.” The
president met with congressional leaders in the Congressional Hispanic Caucus
twice in the past two weeks and will used this week’s speech in Las Vegas to
officially launch his effort to pass legislation.
3. The American people strongly support reform.
Polls have shown that the American people want Congress to provide a sensible
solution to our nation’s broken immigration system, including a path to
citizenship for the 11 million undocumented immigrants. In particular, a new
Hart Research Associates/Public Opinion Strategies poll found that close to
three-quarters of all Americans—an overwhelming majority—support a pathway to
citizenship.
The politics of reform
4. The November 6 election was a game-changer.
President Obama won re-election with a stunning 71 percent of Latino voters and
73 percent of Asian American voters. As the polling firm Latino Decisions
pointed out, Latino votes more than made up the margin of victory for the
president, and the final tally may indicate even wider margins of support.
These voters rejected the harsh immigration platform and rhetoric of 2012
Republican presidential candidate and former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney,
and vastly supported the policies of President Obama, including his opposition
to state anti-immigration measures such as Arizona’s S.B. 1070 and his deferred
action program, which allows young aspiring Americans to apply for a two-year
reprieve from deportation and a work permit.
5. Demographics are changing in the United States.
The November election was also critical in signaling the new demographic
reality in the United States: Latino and other voters of color are growing as a
proportion of the overall population, making their votes all the more critical
in future elections. Latino voters comprised 9.5 percent of the electorate in
2008 and a full 11 percent in 2012. These shifting demographics—especially in
key swing states such as Nevada, Colorado, Florida, and Virginia—mean that how
each party talks about immigration will only be more important in the future.
6. An ever-growing chorus of Republicans has come
out in favor of reform. In the past week alone, Republican heavyweights such as
Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL) and former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush have written op-eds on
the need for immigration reform, while Fox News anchor Bill O’Reilly praised
Sen. Rubio’s plan. They join a chorus of Republicans—including House Speaker
Boehner, Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY), Rep. Raul Labrador (R-ID), Gov. Bobby Jindal
(R-LA), and conservative pundit Sean Hannity—who saw the election results and
“evolved” on the issue of immigration reform shortly after. As Sen. Rubio put
it, “It’s very hard to make the economic argument to people who think you want
to deport their grandmother.”
The policy of reform
7. Our border is more secure than ever, and we’ve
met our border benchmarks. Much of the debate in 2007—the previous time that
comprehensive immigration reform was on the table in Congress—revolved around
securing the U.S.-Mexico border. But in the past six years, the United States
has made great strides in border security, meeting or surpassing all of the
security benchmarks written into the 2007 legislation: Our southern border is
now safer than ever; more boots are on the ground; and there are greater
resources to track, detain, and punish unauthorized border crossers. Indeed,
net migration from Mexico—the number of people entering minus the number of
people leaving—which is one of the main sending countries for undocumented
immigrants, is now at or below zero.
8. Lack of reform is hindering a range of other
policy priorities. The fact that 11 million undocumented immigrants currently
live in the shadows has become a political and policy obstacle to addressing
other issues such as fixing our nation’s health care system, educating the
future workforce, and identifying who among us are hard-working family members
versus those who are here to do us harm. As a result, creating a pathway to
citizenship for these individuals will not only address the fact that they are
deprived of many rights and privileges available to people living in this
country, but it will also grow our economy, level the playing field for all
workers and employers, and make our communities safer.
9. Immigration reform is an economic imperative.
Passing a comprehensive immigration reform plan would add $1.5 trillion to the
U.S. cumulative gross domestic product over 10 years and would add between $4.5
billion and $5.4 billion in tax revenue over the first three years. Simply put,
allowing all people to work on a level playing field would improve wages for
natives and newcomers alike. And higher wages means better jobs and increased
spending, helping the economy as a whole.
10. We must provide a direct path to citizenship.
Naturalized citizens earn higher wages than legal permanent residents (green
card holders), so providing a direct pathway to citizenship would boost our
economy, adding at least $21 billion to $45 billion over 10 years.
The question is no longer whether immigration is the
right thing to do economically, morally, or for the country as a whole, nor is
it a question of whether the American people support it. The question now is
whether Congress can put aside its partisan differences and act on the will of
the people.
About the author: Philip E. Wolgin is Immigration
Policy Analyst and Marshall Fitz is Director of Immigration Policy at the
Center for American Progress.
This article was published by the Center for
American Progress.
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